Self-regulation as a Predictor for Developmental Trajectories of Internalizing Symptoms From Middle Childhood to Adolescence

funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) as part of the research group “Self-regulation as a resource in coping with developmental demands - a prospective analysis from middle childhood to adolescence” (FOR 5034)

Principal Investigator IPU

Prof. Dr. Annette Klein

Project Description

Internalizing symptoms (e.g. anxiety and depression) are among the most common psychological symptoms in childhood and adolescence. They are highly stable and associated with severe impairments for those affected. Current scientific approaches discuss the role of various facets of self-regulation in symptom genesis and consider lower capacities for self-regulation to be associated with higher internalizing symptoms. However, there are still some research gaps: First, previous studies have often been limited to individual dimensions of self-regulation. Secondly, the number of studies carried out for adolescents is significantly lower than those carried out for children. Thirdly, there are no studies that have investigated different dimensions of self-regulation as predictors of differential trajectories of internalizing symptoms. In order to fill these research gaps, this project investigates various facets of self-regulation as potential predictors of adverse trajectories (e.g. rising or steady high) of internalizing symptoms.

The project is based on an already existing longitudinal data set with three measurement points in middle childhood (T1: 6-10, T2: 7-11, T3: 9-13 years). A fourth measurement wave is about to start in July 2022 with more than 1000 participants who are now 16 to 20 years old. Measured variables are basal (e.g. executive functioning, emotional reactivity, heart rate variability) and complex (e.g. emotion regulation, planning behavior) facets of self-regulation, internalizing symptoms as well as established risk factors of internalizing symptoms (e.g. socioeconomic status).

The following questions are examined:

 

  1. To what extent do different facets of self-regulation predict adverse trajectories of internalizing symptoms?
  2. Does self-regulation make an incremental contribution to the prediction of differential developmental trajectories when other risk factors are included?
  3. To what extent do self-regulatory facets interact with each other and with other risk factors in predicting the course of internalizing symptoms?
  4. What are the cross-sectional and longitudinal connections between self-regulation facets and internalizing symptoms and their interactions over time from middle childhood to adolescence?


These questions are highly relevant given the increase in internalizing symptoms in the course from middle childhood to adolescence and with regards to their risk of becoming chronic. The results can provide starting points for prevention and intervention to promote a healthy psychosocial development.

The research group FOR 5034 includes 6 subprojects. The data will be collected together as part of the PIER-Youth-study of the University of Potsdam. Group members are Prof. Dr. Petra Warschburger (speaker; University of Potsdam), Prof. Dr. Rebecca Bondü (second speaker; Psychological University Berlin), Prof. Dr. Birgit Elsner (University of Potsdam), Dr. Robert Busching (University of Potsdam) and Prof. Dr. Annette Klein (International Psychoanalytic University Berlin). 

Original Language: German

Participating Researchers

Johanna L. Klinge (IPU Berlin)

Project Duration

Project start: 10/2021
Project end: 01/2025

Publications

  • Klinge, J. L., Warschburger, P., & Klein, A. M. (2024). Die Bedeutung von Selbstregulation in der Entwicklung internalisierender Symptome während der mittleren Kindheit [The Importance of Self-Regulation in the Development of Internalizing Symptoms During Middle Childhood]. Praxis der Kinderpsychologie und Kinderpsychiatrie, 73(4), 292-310.
  • Klinge, J. L., Warschburger, P., Busching R., & Klein, A. M. (2023). Self-regulation facets differentially predict internalizing symptom trajectories from middle childhood to early adolescence: a longitudinal multimethod study. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 17, Article 120.
  • Warschburger, P., Gmeiner, M. S., Bondü, R., Klein, A. M., Busching, R., & Elsner, B. (2023). Self-regulation as a resource for coping with developmental challenges during middle childhood and adolescence: the prospective longitudinal PIERYOUTH-study. BMC Psychology, 11(1), 1-21.