Ambivalent National Identity and the Negotiation of National Belonging in Transition: Reflections on German Identity in the Context of Football European and World Championships from 2008 to 2022

funded by the Erich Fromm Study Center

Principal Investigator IPU

Prof. Dr. Thomas Kühn

Project Description

The project is dedicated to exploring constructions of belonging, with a specific focus on investigating national identity. The research project aims to undertake a critical social-psychological examination of diverse methods of establishing a sense of belonging to the German nation and its interplay with alternative social identities. Given the backdrop of the rise of right-wing populist movements and implicit nationalism tendencies, our emphasis is on examining various narratives of Germanness and the inherent ambivalences within the contemporary relationship between the individual and the nation.
This project is structured as a long-term mixed-methods study, with a primary emphasis on qualitative interviews. 
Surveys, conducted in the form of interviews and accompanying questionnaires, have been ongoing since 2008, coinciding with football World Cups and European Championships. The initial phase of the study took place in 2008 at the University of Bremen under the direction of Prof. Thomas Kühn and Prof. Gavin Sullivan. Subsequent surveys were carried out in 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2021. Another survey is planned for 2022.
Each sub-study, designed as a mini-longitudinal section, consists of three survey points in time: shortly before, during, and after the corresponding international football tournament. This structure allows for a comprehensive understanding of the impact of various emotional atmospheres on the construction and interpretation of national identity.
Theoretical connections of this project extend to research areas such as social inequality, biography and life course, emotion, social identity theory, and analytical social psychology. From the latter perspective, the current research period, focuses on examining ambivalent constructions of belonging and the significance of the social character approach.

Original Language: German

Participating Researchers

Prof. Dr. Gavin Sullivan (IPU Berlin)
Prof. Dr. Dr. Phil Langer (IPU Berlin)
Katrin Voigt (IPU Berlin)

Duration

Project Start: 08/2018
Project End: 09/2025

Publications

  • Kühn, Thomas (2015): Kritische Sozialpsychologie des modernen Alltags. Zum Potenzial einer am Lebenslauf orientierten Forschungsperspektive. Wiesbaden: Springer VS.
  • Kühn, Thomas (2020): Ambivalente und unbestimmte nationale Identitäten jenseits einer klaren Grenze zwischen Patriotismus und Nationalismus. In: Ewa Wojno-Owczarska (Hrsg.): Topographien der Globalisierung, Band I. Berlin: Peter Lang, S. 125-140.
  • Kühn, Thomas (2021): Spannungsfelder nationaler Zugehörigkeit am Beispiel des Haderns mit dem Titelgewinn der Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 2014. In: Sozialer Sinn, 22 (1), S.49-87.
  • Kühn, Thomas (2024): Critical social psychological perspectives on social inequalities honoring Boike Rehbein’s work. In: Jessé Souza / Ilka Sommer / Christopher Wimmer (Hrsg.): Für eine menschliche Welt. Zum Werk von Boike Rehbein. Weinheim: Beltz Juventa, S. 156-168.
  • Langer, Phil C. / Kühn, Thomas (2020): Figurationen deutscher Identität und das Ringen um Zugehörigkeit und Gemeinschaft. In: Katarina Busch / Susanne Benzel / Benedikt Salfeld / Julia Schreiber (Hrsg.): Figurationen spätmoderner Lebensführung. Wiesbaden: Springer VS, S. 197—220.
  • Voigt, Katrin (2021): Nation als gefühlte Gemeinschaft - Die Verhandlung von nationaler Scham oder das Ringen um eine nicht-ambivalente deutsche Identität. In: Sozialer Sinn, 22 (1), S. 89-116.
  • Voigt, Katrin (2023): Nationalismus der Mitte in Deutschland. Eine Analyse von Praktiken der alltäglichen (Re-)Produktion von Nation und sozialer Ungleichheit. Dissertationsschrift, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin.